Uric acid as a risk factor in progression of arterial hypertension
Keywords:
prooxidant effect, kidney disease, overweight, body mass index, atherosclerosisAbstract
Background and aim: The impact of elevated serum uric acid (UA) levels on the course of hypertension and the development of cardiovascular complications remains controversial in international studies. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum UA levels and clinical parameters of patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and to assess the influence of age and clinical characteristics on UA levels.
Methods: A single-stage retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted, including 187 patients (out of 1,112 medical records) undergoing follow-up for hypertension at municipal polyclinics Nos. 1, 6, 7, and 10 in Astana, with records comprising age, sex, anthropometric measurements, and clinical characteristics, including biochemical blood tests for UA. Descriptive statistics were performed to summarize and analyze the results qualitatively.
Results: The study results indicated that the maximum permissible UA level was 360 µmol/L in women and 420 µmol/L in men. Among the participants, 9 women (7.8%) exhibited hyperuricemia (HU), with a maximum UA value of 387 µmol/L. No significant effect of gender or age on UA levels was observed (p>0.05). Regression analysis showed that in patients with elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP >140 mmHg), a 1 µmol/L increase in UA was associated with a 0.02 mmHg increase in SBP (p=0.04). In a subgroup analysis, an increase in body mass index (BMI) by 1 kg/m² was associated with a 1.83 µmol/L increase in UA levels (p=0.006).
Conclusions: Overall, the proportion of patients with elevated UA was low. Additionally, UA levels gradually increased in patients aged> 50 years (≥296 µmol/L), potentially reflecting age-related hyperproduction of UA. These findings highlight the descriptive trends in UA distribution across demographic and clinical subgroups, while acknowledging the relatively low prevalence of clinically significant hyperuricemia in this cohort. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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